Banana
Banana
Scientific Name: Musa spp.
Local/Bangla name: ‘Kala’
Taxonomic Position According to Cronquist (1988)
Kingdom :Plantae
Division :Magnoliophyta
Class :Liliopsida
Subclass :Zingiberidae
Order :Zingiberales
Family :Musaceae
Genus : Musa
Identifying Characters of this Family
- Plants are perennial big herb
- venetation
- Infloresce
- Leaf big, parallel
- nce is compound spadix
- Perianth is petaloid
- Ovary is inferior
Botanical Description of the Family
Habit: Perennial giant herb
Root: Fibrous root system
Stem: Rhizome, the leaf sheaths attached each other and make a trunk known as pseudostem
Leaf: Simple, alternate, sessile, consist of leaf sheath and leaf blade
Inflorescence: Spadix
Figure: Banana Flower
Flower: Bisexual, sometime unisexual, actinomorphic
Perianth: Tepal six, arranged in two whorls
Androecium: Stamen 6,
Gynoecium: Carpel 3, syncarpous, ovary inferior
Fruit: Berry
Figure: Bunch of banana
Cultivars of Bananas
There are two types of ploidy in bananas namely diploid and triploid in dessert cultivars of bananas. The most important genotypes are AA or AB (diploid) and AAA or AAB (triploid).
Economic Importance
- Used as dessert fruit
- Used as vegetable
Table 1: The most common cultivars are grown in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand
Country | Name of cultivars | Genomic composition and ploidy | Remarks |
Bangladesh | ‘Amritashagor’ | AAB | Dessert |
‘Shabri’ | AAB | Dessert | |
‘Champa’ | AAB | Dessert | |
‘Chini Champa’ | AB | Dessert | |
‘Mehershagor’ | AAA | Dessert | |
‘Singapori’ | AAA | Dessert | |
‘Agnisawar’ | AAA | Dessert | |
‘Jahaji’ | AAA | Dessert | |
‘Kabri’ | ABB | Dessert | |
‘Bichi Kala’ | Dessert (seeded) | ||
‘Ganna Shundhuri’ | Dessert | ||
‘Anaji Kala’ | ABB | Plantain (widely used as vegetable) |
Table 1: Banana varieties developed by Horticultural Research Centre (HRC), BARI
Sl. No. | Name of Variety | Developed by | Growing season | Average yield (t ha-1) |
1 | Basrai | BARI | Whole year | Not known |
2 | BARI Kola-1 | BARI | Whole year | 50 |
3 | BARI Kola-2 | BARI | Whole year | 40 |
4 | BARI Kola-3 | BARI | Whole year | 50 |
5 | BARI Kola-4 | BARI | Whole year | 50 |
6 | BARI Kola-5 | BARI | Whole year | 23-24 |
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