Banana

Banana

Scientific Name: Musa spp.

Local/Bangla name: ‘Kala’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Taxonomic Position According to Cronquist (1988)

Kingdom        :Plantae

Division          :Magnoliophyta

Class               :Liliopsida

Subclass          :Zingiberidae

Order              :Zingiberales

Family             :Musaceae

Genus               : Musa

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Banana plant ashraf

Photo Source: Abu Ashraf Khan

Identifying Characters of this Family

  • Plants are perennial big herb
  • venetation
  • Infloresce
  • Leaf big, parallel
  • nce is compound spadix
  • Perianth is petaloid
  • Ovary is inferior

Botanical Description of the Family

 Habit: Perennial giant herb

Root: Fibrous root system

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Figure: Root Anatomy of Banana

Stem: Rhizome, the leaf sheaths attached each other and make a trunk known as pseudostem

Leaf: Simple, alternate, sessile, consist of leaf sheath and leaf blade

Inflorescence: Spadix

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Figure: Banana Flower

Flower: Bisexual, sometime unisexual, actinomorphic

 

Perianth: Tepal six, arranged in two whorls

Androecium: Stamen 6,

Gynoecium: Carpel 3, syncarpous, ovary inferior

Fruit: Berry

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Figure: Bunch of banana

Cultivars of Bananas

 

There are two types of ploidy in bananas namely diploid and triploid in dessert cultivars of bananas. The most important genotypes are AA or AB (diploid) and AAA or AAB (triploid).

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Economic Importance

  • Used as dessert fruit
  • Used as vegetable

 

Table 1: The most common cultivars are grown in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand

 

 

CountryName of cultivarsGenomic composition and ploidyRemarks
 

 

 

 

 

 

Bangladesh

‘Amritashagor’AABDessert
‘Shabri’AABDessert
‘Champa’AABDessert
‘Chini Champa’ABDessert
‘Mehershagor’AAADessert
‘Singapori’AAADessert
‘Agnisawar’AAADessert
‘Jahaji’AAADessert
‘Kabri’ABBDessert
‘Bichi Kala’Dessert (seeded)
‘Ganna Shundhuri’Dessert
‘Anaji Kala’ABBPlantain (widely used as vegetable)

 

Table 1: Banana varieties developed by Horticultural Research Centre (HRC), BARI

 

Sl. No.Name of VarietyDeveloped byGrowing seasonAverage yield

(t ha-1)

1BasraiBARIWhole yearNot known
2BARI Kola-1BARIWhole year50
3BARI Kola-2BARIWhole year40
4BARI Kola-3BARIWhole year50
5BARI Kola-4BARIWhole year50
6BARI Kola-5BARIWhole year23-24

 

 

 

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