Chickpea

Chickpea

Scientific name: Cicer arietinum L.

English name: Chickpea, Bengal Gram

Local name: Boot, Chhola, Chana, Boot

Taxonomic Position According to Cronquist (1988)

Kingdom:Plantae
Division:Magnoliophyta
Class:Magnoliopsida
Subclass:Rosidae
Order:Fabales
Family:Fabaceae
Genus: Cicer
Species: C.arietinum


Botanical Description of Chickpea

Chickpea field

Figure: A Field View of Chickpea

Habit: Chickpea is an erect or a spreading annual herb

Chickpea single plant

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Figure: A Chickpea Plant

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Root: It has a well developed tap root and an extensive lateral root system which usually bears numerous large indeterminate nodules caused by Rhizobium bacteria 

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Figure: Root Anatomy of Chickpea

                                                       

Stem: square stem and numerous branches, the height ranges from 25-90 cm. The whole plant is covered with glandular hairs.

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Figure: Stem Anatomy of Chickpea

Leaf: pinnately compound, 7-10 cm length, with 9-17 small leaflets which are about 2 cm in length

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Figure: Leaf Anatomy of Chickpea

Flower: The flowers are borne axillary and usually solitary, on peduncles that are 2-4 cm in length

Calyx: Calyx united with five teeth, corolla about 1 cm in length

Fruit: The fruit is a swollen, pubescent pod, oblong up to 3 cm x 2 cm containing one or two seeds

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Seed: Non-endospermic, angular with pointed beak and hilum.

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Chromosome number: 2n=14, 16, 24, 32, 33 (Fedorov, 1969)

Economic importance

Important pulse crop, green pods are eaten as vegetable. The powders made from the dried seeds are used in confectionery.

 

Table 1. Chickpea varieties released by Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) and Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Bangladesh

 

 Sl. No.Name of VarietyDeveloped byYear of releaseGrowing seasonAverage yield
1BARI Chola-1

(Nabin)

Pulse Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna1987Rabi2200
2BARI Chola-2

(Baral)

Pulse Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna1993Rabi2800
3BARI Chola-3

 

Pulse Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna1993Rabi1900
4BARI Chola-4

 

Pulse Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna1996Rabi2700
5BARI Chola-5

 

Pulse Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna1996Rabi2800
6BARI Chola-6

 

Pulse Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna1996Rabi2600
7BARI Chola-7

 

Pulse Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna1998Rabi2800
8BARI Chola-8Pulse Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna1998Rabi1500
9BARI Chola-9

 

Pulse Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna1998Rabi2300-2700
10HyprosolaBINA, Mymensingh1981Rabi1500
11Binasola-3BINA, Mymensingh2001Rabi1600
12Binasola-4BINA, Mymensingh2009Rabi1500
13Binasola-5BINA, Mymensingh2009Rabi1600
14Binasola-6BINA, Mymensingh2009Rabi1700
15Binasola-7BINA, Mymensingh2013Rabi1700
16Binasola-8BINA, Mymensingh2013Rabi1800
17Binasola-9BINA, Mymensingh2016Rabi1700
18Binasola-10BINA, Mymensingh2016Rabi1800

 

 

 

 

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