Groundnut / Peanut
Groundnut
Synonymy: Peanut
Local name: চিনাবাদাম (‘Chinabadam’)
Scientific name: Arachis hypogea L.
Taxonomic position According to Cronquist (1988)
Kingdom : Plantae
Division : Magnoliophyta
Class :Magnoliopsida
Subclass : Rosidae
Order : Fabales
Family : Fabacaeae
Genus : Arachis
Species : A. hypogea
Botanical Description of Groundnut
Habit: Annual prostate to erect herb with usually root nodules.
Root: Taproot with lateral branching.
Stem: Branched dimorphic monopodial.
Leaf: Alternate with two opposite pairs of obovate leaflets.
Flower: Flowers borne on compressed spike in the axis of foliage leaves.
Fruit: Pod oblong to cylindrical and reticulated.
Economic Importance: The nuts are eaten raw or after roasting. Most of the world crop is crushed for oil that is used mainly for cooking. The oilcake is rich in protein and used to produce edible groundnut flour. The oilcake is used as good manure. Per 100 g edible portions contains 30 g protein, 47 g fat and 12 g carbohydrate. It is also a good source of vitamins B and E.
Table 1: Peanut varieties developed by Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) and Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA)
Serial Number | Name of Variety | Developed by | Growing season | Average yield (t/ha) |
1 | Oilseed Research Centre, BARI | Rabi and Kharif | 1.6-1.8 | |
2 | Oilseed Research Centre, BARI | Rabi and Kharif | 2.0-2.2 | |
3 | Oilseed Research Centre, BARI | Rabi and Kharif | 2.2-2.4 | |
4 | Oilseed Research Centre, BARI | Rabi and Kharif | 2.4-2.6 | |
5 | Oilseed Research Centre, BARI | Rabi and Kharif | 2.7-3.0 | |
6 | Oilseed Research Centre, BARI | Rabi and Kharif | 2.8-3.0 | |
7 | Oilseed Research Centre, BARI | Rabi and Kharif | 2.8-3.0 | |
8 | Oilseed Research, BARI Centre, BARI | Rabi and Kharif | 2.8-3.0 | |
9 | Oilseed Research, BARI Centre, BARI | Rabi and Kharif | 2.8-3.0 | |
9 | Oil Seed Research, BARI Centre, BARI | Rabi and Kharif | 2.2-2.5
2.0-2.2 | |
10 | BINA, Mymensingh | Rabi and Kharif | 2.8 | |
11 | BINA, Mymensingh | Rabi and Kharif | 2.5 | |
12 | BINA, Mymensingh | Rabi and Kharif | 2.0 | |
13 | BINA, Mymensingh | Rabi and Kharif | 2.6 | |
14 | BINA, Mymensingh | Rabi and Kharif | 2.3 | |
15 | BINA, Mymensingh | Rabi and Kharif | 2.9 | |
16 | BINA, Mymensingh | Rabi and Kharif | 2.9 | |
17 | BINA, Mymensingh | Rabi and Kharif | 2.56 | |
18 | BINA, Mymensingh | Rabi and Kharif | 2.9 | |
19 | BINA, Mymensingh | Rabi and Kharif | 2.8 |